The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening trophy on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the net early on.
However, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.